Your Soil Is Alive!
Soil is a complex ecosystem teeming with living organisms. Although soil itself might not be a living entity, it hosts a diverse array of life forms that contribute to its health and functionality. Here are some key components that make soil "alive":
Organic Matter
Microorganisms, plant and animal material that is in the process of decomposing or has decomposed. It plays a crucial role in maintaining soil health and fertility. Organic matter helps retain moisture and enhances aeration by improving soil structure. Organic matter releases essential nutrients for plant growth such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Microorganisms play a key role in nutrient cycling and organic matter provides a food source to keep them alive.
Biological Activity
The presence and activity of soil organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, earthworms, and insects, which contribute to nutrient cycling and soil structure. These living components work together to create a thriving soil ecosystem that supports plant growth, nutrient cycling, and overall soil health.
Microorganisms
Bacteria: Bacteria plays a very important role in soil health. There are many types of bacteria and microscopic organisms that are constantly working away breaking down organic matter and supporting plant growth. The roles bacteria play in the soil vary from nutrient cyclers, nitrogen fixing, and decomposing just to name a few.
Fungi: Fungi is another important living component to soil health. They break down organic matter making it easier for other microorganisms to access and use it. Plants and fungi form a symbiotic relationship with each other. Mycorrhizal fungi are almost an extension of plant roots, helping them uptake nutrients.
Fauna
Earthworms: Also known as “soil engineers”, worms are great at aerating the soil and decomposing organic matter. They improve nutrient availability in soil.
Insects and Arthropods: Beetles, ants, and various other insects contribute to the decomposition process. They help break down organic matter into smaller particles. Their burrowing activity helps aerate the soil.